FIRST STEPS

 
  Prime Minister Robert Menzies (1939-41; 1949 -66). JCPML00036/11 Franklin Roosevelt. JCPML00376/123. Inaugural meeting of the Advisory War Council, 28 October 1940. JCPML00376/131.  
         
   Prime Minister Robert Menzies (1939-41;
 1949 -66)
 JCPML. Records of the Government
 Photographic Service. JCPML00036/11

Franklin Roosevelt.
JCPML. Records of the Curtin family.
JCPML00376/123
Inaugural meeting of the Advisory War Council, 28 October 1940, Prime Minister Robert Menziesis 3rd from right.
JCPML. Records of the Curtin family. JCPML00376/131

 

  Letter from George Pearce, Minister for External Affairs, 1937. JCPML00870/6   Foreign Policy Under Menzies

In In 1939, with war looming, Prime Minister Robert Menzies made a reassessment of Australia's foreign policy. In a broadcast to the Australian people he said:

What Great Britain calls the Far East is to us the near north…little given as I am to encouraging the exaggerated ideas of Dominion independence and separatism which exist in some minds, I have become convinced that in the Pacific Australia must regard herself as a principal providing herself with her own information and maintaining her own diplomatic contact with foreign powers. [Watt, The Evolution of Australian Foreign Policy, p. 24]

While Menzies did qualify this statement by asserting that Australia should not act in the Pacific as if it were 'a completely separate power' but rather as 'an integral part of the British Empire', it was a step towards recognising Australia's interests.

'What Great Britain calls the Far
East is to us the
                   near north...'

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   The Australian Department of External Affairs was
 established under its own permanent head, Lieutenant
 Colonel W R Hodgson, in 1935. By 1937 the
 Department had progressed to attaching an Australian
 Counsellor to the staff of the British Ambassador in
 Washington to provide some direct feedback to
 Australia. This letter is from George Pearce, Minister
  for External Affairs.
 JCPML. Records of Dept. of Foreign Affairs.
 Historical Documents Project. Japan (Selections),
 1937-1938. JCPML00870/6